The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPeoplePoets and writers
Bano Qudsia
Unknown · Wikimedia
Poet & writer

Bano Qudsia

ਬਾਨੋ ਕੁਦਸੀਆبانو قدسیہ

Novelist born in Ferozepur whose Raja Gidh is one of the most read Urdu novels in Pakistan.

Bano Qudsia interviewed by Anwar Maqsood · Watch on YouTube

Bano Qudsia was born in Ferozepur and moved to Lahore at Partition. She wrote novels, short stories and plays for radio and television.

Her novel Raja Gidh (1981), about hunger, desire and what is forbidden, is read in every Pakistani university. She was married to the writer Ashfaq Ahmed.

Places linked to Bano Qudsia, numbered in order
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