The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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PUNJAB WIKIਪੰਜਾਬپنجابPeople
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Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPeopleRulers, chiefs and generals
Henry Lawrence
Unknown · Wikimedia
Leader

Henry Lawrence

ਹੈਨਰੀ ਲਾਰੈਂਸہنری منٹگمری لارنس

British Resident at Lahore after the First Anglo-Sikh War, and head of the board that governed the Punjab after annexation.

Henry Lawrence was an officer of the East India Company who served at Lahore from 1846 as Resident, the real power behind the boy Maharaja Duleep Singh. He respected the Sikh chiefs and argued against seizing the kingdom outright.

After annexation in 1849 he led the Board of Administration with his brother John, but they quarrelled over how hard to treat the old nobility, and Henry was moved away. He founded the Lawrence schools for soldiers' children and was killed in the siege of Lucknow in 1857.

Places linked to Henry Lawrence
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