The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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PUNJAB WIKIਪੰਜਾਬپنجابPeople
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Englishਪੰਜਾਬੀپنجابی

Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPeopleRulers, chiefs and generals
John Lawrence
Unknown · Wikimedia
Leader

John Lawrence

ਜੌਨ ਲਾਰੈਂਸجان لارنس

The administrator who ran the annexed Punjab, sent Punjabi troops to retake Delhi in 1857, and later became Viceroy of India.

John Lawrence governed the Punjab after annexation as member of the Board, then Chief Commissioner and Lieutenant-Governor. He disarmed the Sikh army, settled the land revenue village by village and built roads and canals.

When the rebellion of 1857 broke out he raised new regiments of Sikhs, Punjabi Muslims and Pathans and sent them to retake Delhi, which bound the Punjab to the army of the Raj for the next ninety years. He was Viceroy of India from 1864 to 1869.

Places linked to John Lawrence, numbered in order
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