The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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PUNJAB WIKIਪੰਜਾਬپنجابPeople
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Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPeopleReformers and politicians
Nawaz Sharif
Unknown · Wikimedia
Leader

Nawaz Sharif

ਨਵਾਜ਼ ਸ਼ਰੀਫ਼نواز شریف

Lahore industrialist who became Chief Minister of Punjab and three times Prime Minister of Pakistan.

Nawaz Sharif's family were Kashmiri-descended steel founders who moved to Lahore from Jati Umra, near Amritsar, at Partition. He entered politics under General Zia, became Punjab's finance minister and then its Chief Minister from 1985 to 1990.

He was Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1990-93, 1997-99 and 2013-17. In 1998 his government tested nuclear weapons; in 1999 he welcomed the Indian Prime Minister to Lahore on the first bus between the two Punjabs, months before the Kargil war and his overthrow by General Musharraf. His party, the PML-N, has dominated Pakistani Punjab ever since.

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