The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

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PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

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Punjab WikiPeopleRulers, chiefs and generals
Diwan Sawan Mal
Unknown · Wikimedia
Leader

Diwan Sawan Mal

ਦੀਵਾਨ ਸਾਵਨ ਮੱਲ

Governor of Multan for over twenty years, who turned its dry lands to farming with new canals. His son Mulraj succeeded him.

Sawan Mal was born in 1788 at Akalgarh near Gujranwala, a Khatri, and entered Ranjit Singh's service as a clerk. In 1821 he was made governor of Multan.

He held the post for more than twenty years and turned the dry Multan province into a rich one. He dug and repaired canals, settled cultivators, kept taxes moderate and fair, and administered justice impartially between Hindus and Muslims. British officers praised him as the best governor in the Punjab.

He was shot by a soldier in 1844 and died of his wounds. His son Mulraj succeeded him and led the revolt of 1848.

Places linked to Diwan Sawan Mal

Connected

Diwan Mulraj
Diwan Mulraj1814 – 1851

Governor of Multan whose revolt in April 1848, after two British officers were killed in the city, began the Second Anglo-Sikh War.

In the world's museums

1 objects
Diwan Sawan Mal (Dewan Sawan Mal (Multanwala))Diwan Sawan Mal (Dewan Sawan Mal (Multanwala))National Army Museum, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗

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