The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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PUNJAB WIKIਪੰਜਾਬپنجابThe Land
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Englishਪੰਜਾਬੀپنجابی

Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPlacesTemples, mosques and gurdwaras
Patna Sahib
Unknown · Wikimedia
Takht

Patna Sahib

ਪਟਨਾ ਸਾਹਿਬتخت شری پٹنہ صاحب

Birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh in 1666. Takht Sri Harimandir Ji, one of the five Takhts.

Patna, on the Ganges in Bihar, is the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh, born here in December 1666 while his father Guru Tegh Bahadur was travelling in Assam and Bengal. He spent his first years here.

Takht Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna Sahib, stands on the site of the house where he was born, and is one of the five Takhts. It keeps relics of the Guru, including a small kirpan, his cradle and his sandals.

Ranjit Singh funded its rebuilding. The present building dates from the 1950s after an earthquake in 1934. The 350th birth anniversary in 2017 drew huge crowds to Patna.

People

Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh1666 – 1708

Tenth Guru, warrior and poet. Created the Khalsa in 1699, fought a long war with the Mughals and hill rajas, lost his four sons and mother, and named the Guru Granth Sahib as the final Guru.

Artifacts

Early manuscripts of the Dasam Granth
Early manuscripts of the Dasam Granth18th century

The second scripture of the Sikhs, gathering compositions attributed to Guru Gobind Singh, survives in several 18th-century manuscripts whose contents differ, one reason its compilation is still debated.

Takht Sri Patna Sahib
Takht Sri Patna SahibPresent building 1950s

The birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh in 1666. The old building fell in the earthquake of 1934 and was rebuilt in the 1950s.

On the timeline

1666 · Birth of Gobind Das

The five Takhts

The seats of Sikh authority
  1. 1
    Akal Takht Amritsar

    Built by Guru Hargobind, 1606: the throne of the Timeless, seat of temporal authority

  2. 2
    Takht Sri Kesgarh Sahib Anandpur

    Where Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa, 1699

  3. 3
    Takht Sri Damdama Sahib Talwandi Sabo

    Where he completed the Guru Granth Sahib, 1706; a Takht since 1966

  4. 4
    Takht Sri Patna Sahib Patna

    Birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh, 1666

  5. 5
    Takht Sri Hazur Sahib Nanded

    Where he passed the Guruship to the Guru Granth Sahib and died, 1708

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