The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiMuseumFrom the world's museums
From the world's museums · 315

Shawls, textiles and embroidery

Phulkari and bagh, Kashmir shawls, carpets and embroidered dress.

Explore the collectionA map, a timeline and a web of the people, places and battles the objects show

Gurus and Mughals

1469 – 1708 · 10
Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (1) (25355724467)Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (1) (25355724467)Wikimedia Commons · Richard Mortel · CC BY ↗Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (2) (25355707967)Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (2) (25355707967)Wikimedia Commons · Richard Mortel · CC BY ↗Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (3) (25355692017)Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (3) (25355692017)Wikimedia Commons · Richard Mortel · CC BY ↗Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (4) (39515828134)Moghul carpet, Lahore, ca. 1610; Pergamon Museum, Berlin (4) (39515828134)Wikimedia Commons · Richard Mortel · CC BY ↗The Fremlin CarpetThe Fremlin Carpetca. 1640 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Fragment, LahoreFragment, Lahore1630-1650 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗CarpetCarpetca. 1650 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Long Panel from a Carpet, Lahore 17th century, albert Hall Museum, JaipurLong Panel from a Carpet, Lahore 17th century, albert Hall Museum, JaipurWikimedia Commons · Neek-Theri · CC BY-SA ↗CarpetCarpetLate 17th century, Mughal Empire (1526-1799) · LahoreArt Institute of Chicago ↗CarpetCarpet1675/1700 · IndiaArt Institute of Chicago ↗

Misls and Afghans

1708 – 1799 · 4
Rumal with Vishnu temple and subsidiary shrinesRumal with Vishnu temple and subsidiary shrines1700s · Northern India, Pahari Kingdom of ChambaCleveland Museum of Art ↗Rumal with Rama and Krishna scenesRumal with Rama and Krishna scenes1700s · Northern India, Pahari Kingdom of ChambaCleveland Museum of Art ↗Panel, Punjab (India)Panel, Punjab (India)18th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Textile, ChambaTextile, Chambalate 18th century · Chamba© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗

The Kingdom of Lahore

1799 – 1849 · 5
Coverlet (rumal)Coverlet (rumal)ca. 1800 · Chamba© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Kashmir shawlKashmir shawlca. 1800 · Kashmir© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Nilak Sainchi PhulkariNilak Sainchi Phulkariearly 19th century · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗India, Himachal Pradesh, probably Kangra, late 18th to early 19th century Textiles;…India, Himachal Pradesh, probably Kangra, late 18th to early 19th century Textiles;…LACMA, Los Angeles · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Lahore, Punjab, dated Bikrami Samvat 1894(?) (1837-38 CE) Gold, diamond, emerald, glassLahore, Punjab, dated Bikrami Samvat 1894(?) (1837-38 CE) Gold, diamond, emerald, glassWallace Collection, London · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗

Colonial Punjab

1849 – 1947 · 259
Textile, Punjab (India)Textile, Punjab (India)ca. 1850 · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗TurbanTurbanMid 19th Century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Textile, Punjab (Pakistan)Textile, Punjab (Pakistan)mid 19th century · Punjab (Pakistan)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗HatHatmid 19th century · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗HatHatmid 19th century · Ludhiana© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Border of a ShawlBorder of a Shawl1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗Border of a ShawlBorder of a Shawl1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗Head Shawl (Phulkari)Head Shawl (Phulkari)1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗ShawlShawl1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗Fragment of a ShawlFragment of a Shawl1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗ShawlShawl1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗Head Shawl ("Phulkari")Head Shawl ("Phulkari")1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗Border of a ShawlBorder of a Shawl1800s · India, Punjab, 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗ShawlShawllate 1800s · India, Punjab, late 19th centuryCleveland Museum of Art ↗Textile, Punjab (India)Textile, Punjab (India)19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Scarf, Punjab (Pakistan)Scarf, Punjab (Pakistan)19th century · Punjab (Pakistan)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗BrocadeBrocade19th century · Bahawalpur© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗HatHatmid 19th century · Ludhiana© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗RobeRobeca. 1850 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century-20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkari19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Thirma PhulkariThirma Phulkari19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Satranga BaghSatranga Bagh19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Shishedar PhulkariShishedar Phulkari19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗ShawlShawl19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗BaghBagh19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗BaghBagh19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Vari Da BaghVari Da Baghsecond half of 19th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗

See all 259 →

Two Punjabs

1947 – today · 5
Sar Pallu PhulkariSar Pallu Phulkarimid 20th century · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗HatHatc. 1950 · Hazara · AfghanistanMinneapolis Institute of Art ↗HatHatc. 1950 · Hazara · AfghanistanMinneapolis Institute of Art ↗ShirtShirtmid 20th century · Swat Valley© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗PhulkariPhulkaribefore 1962 · Punjab (India)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗

Through the ages

32
PulkariPulkariPakistanMinneapolis Institute of Art ↗PhulkariPhulkariAmritsar© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Scarf, Punjab (Pakistan)Scarf, Punjab (Pakistan)Punjab (Pakistan)© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Modern Punjabi ScarfModern Punjabi ScarfNational Museum of World Cultures Foundation (via Europeana) ↗Phulkari-vävnad, klädesplagg: phukari, phulkariPhulkari-vävnad, klädesplagg: phukari, phulkariIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Klädesplagg: phukari, Phulkari-vävnad, phulkariKlädesplagg: phukari, Phulkari-vävnad, phulkariIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Phulkari-vävnad, klädesplagg: phukariPhulkari-vävnad, klädesplagg: phukariIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Phulkari-vävnad, klädesplagg: phukari, phulkariPhulkari-vävnad, klädesplagg: phukari, phulkariIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Klädesplagg: phukari, Phulkari-vävnad, phulkariKlädesplagg: phukari, Phulkari-vävnad, phulkariIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Kehar Singh - Weaving and Spinning - 1987.162 - Cleveland Museum of ArtKehar Singh - Weaving and Spinning - 1987.162 - Cleveland Museum of ArtWikimedia Commons · Kehar Singh ↗Turban, huvudbonad, headgearTurban, huvudbonad, headgearIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of Ethnography (via Europeana) ↗Albumblad met vier foto'sAlbumblad met vier foto'sIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijNational Archives of the Netherlands (via Europeana) ↗Pictorial carpetPictorial carpetMuseum of Fine Arts, Boston · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗The Fremlin Carpet Cotton warp and weft, wool pile Mughal India, probably Lahore cThe Fremlin Carpet Cotton warp and weft, wool pile Mughal India, probably Lahore cV&A, London · photo Wikipedia Loves Art participant "Opal_Art_Seekers_4" (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY ↗Medallion’ carpetMedallion’ carpetWikimedia Commons ↗Hero taking the scarf of a milkmaidHero taking the scarf of a milkmaidNational Museum, New Delhi · photo Aadrit28 (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗TurbanTurbanIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Chamba Rumal is an embroidered handicraft that thrived under the patronage of the…Chamba Rumal is an embroidered handicraft that thrived under the patronage of the…Museum of Kangra Art, Dharamshala · photo Brahmavadini (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗DukDukIndien India Индия Intia Índia Индия Indija Indija Indija Inde India India IndijMuseum of Ethnography (via Europeana) ↗Hanging or cover, silk bagh embroidery on cottonHanging or cover, silk bagh embroidery on cottonWikimedia Commons · CC BY ↗Hanging, black coarse cotton, embroidered in crimson silkHanging, black coarse cotton, embroidered in crimson silkWikimedia Commons · CC BY ↗DiagonaleDiagonaleKaschmir Kashmir Кашмир Caxemira Кашмир Kašmyras Kašmīra Kašmir Cachemire KasmírPrato Textile Museum (via Europeana) · CC BY ↗Kashmir shawl blues and reds, paisley pattern motifs- floral all over print with…Kashmir shawl blues and reds, paisley pattern motifs- floral all over print with…Wikimedia Commons · CC BY ↗Dräkt, bruddräkt, costume, garment, garbDräkt, bruddräkt, costume, garment, garbPakistan Pakistan Пакистан Paquistão Пакистан Pakistanas Pakistan Pakistāna PakiMuseum of Ethnography (via Europeana) ↗Textiles-Embroidered, , Punjab Hills, kingdom of ChambaTextiles-Embroidered, , Punjab Hills, kingdom of ChambaThe Met, New York · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Niche or Prayer CarpetNiche or Prayer CarpetWikimedia Commons ↗Mössa, Barnmössa, knit capMössa, Barnmössa, knit capAfghanistan Afganistan Афганистан Afeganistão Афганистан Afganistanas AfganistanMuseum of World Culture (via Europeana) ↗Kirman carpet - The 100 ft x 50 ft masterpiece consists of 185 portraits of prominenet…Kirman carpet - The 100 ft x 50 ft masterpiece consists of 185 portraits of prominenet…Wikimedia Commons · Ishitarc · CC BY ↗A Sikh technician working with metal tubing at the Government Training CentreA Sikh technician working with metal tubing at the Government Training CentreWikimedia Commons · Richard Stone ↗Indian Arms Workers Train in Britain- War Industry at Letchworth, Hertfordshire, EnglandIndian Arms Workers Train in Britain- War Industry at Letchworth, Hertfordshire, EnglandWikimedia Commons · Richard Stone ↗Indian Lecturers Visit Indian Technicians- War Industry at Letchworth, HertfordshireIndian Lecturers Visit Indian Technicians- War Industry at Letchworth, HertfordshireWikimedia Commons · Ministry of Information Photo Division Photographer, Smith J ↗India, Himachal Pradesh, probably Chamba or KangraIndia, Himachal Pradesh, probably Chamba or KangraLACMA, Los Angeles · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗

Search the museums' full collections

V&A ↗ · British Museum ↗ · The Met ↗ · Cleveland ↗ · Wellcome Collection ↗ · Wikimedia Commons ↗ · Ashmolean ↗ · Royal Collection ↗ · Pitt Rivers ↗

Shown here are the objects whose pictures museums have released openly. Far more are in their collections, and in museums with no open search, such as the Lahore Museum. Searching for "Phulkari".

Pictures from the collections of Art Institute of Chicago, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Asian Art Museum, San Francisco, Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum (via Europeana), Bhuri Singh Museum, Chamba, 65 more, found automatically: public domain or openly licensed, except the V&A's, shown for non-commercial use with the museum's credit. Titles and dates are the museums' own; each card names its museum and any licence. Updated 2026-10-26.

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