Ghadar

Punjabi farmers and mill-workers on the Pacific coast of America, Sikh, Hindu and Muslim, founded the Ghadar party to free India by armed revolt. Thousands sailed home in 1914 to raise the army; the rising was betrayed, and dozens were hanged, among them Kartar Singh Sarabha at nineteen. The Komagata Maru passengers, refused entry to Canada, were shot at on their return at Budge Budge.