Punjabi migrants in Britain, many from the Doaba, began playing bhangra at weddings and daytime discos in the late 1970s and 1980s. Bands such as Alaap and singers such as Malkit Singh made a sound that was both Punjabi and British.
In the 1990s and 2000s it met hip hop and dance music: Apache Indian, Bally Sagoo, and Panjabi MC, whose 'Mundian To Bach Ke' became an international hit.
More famous songs and poems
Guru Gobind Singh's prayer for courage, the anthem of the Khalsa and of the Sikh Regiment.
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Amrita Pritam's lament for the Partition, calling on Waris Shah to rise from his grave and see Punjab now.
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Batalvi's poem of a girl called Love, who is lost and never found again.
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Bulleh Shah's kafi of who I am not, turned into a rock song that became India's anthem of 2005.
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Reshma's song of a long separation, sung in a Hindi film and adopted by both Punjabs.
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The dhamaal of the shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, sung by every great Sufi voice of the Punjab.
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Pash's poem that the most dangerous thing is the death of our dreams.
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'Guard your turban, farmer': the protest song of 1907 that became the slogan of every Punjabi farmers' movement since.
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Arif Lohar and Meesha Shafi's version of the old Jugni that made Coke Studio Pakistan famous across the world.
▶ WatchMadhaniyanFolkThe farewell song of the bride to her mother and father, one of the saddest songs in Punjabi.
▶ WatchKala DoriyaFolkThe teasing wedding song of the black thread, sung by women at the mehndi and in giddha.
▶ WatchLathe di chadarFolkA mahiya duet about a sheet of white cotton: a lover's invitation to sit down and talk.