The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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Englishਪੰਜਾਬੀپنجابی

Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiMuseumFrom the world's museums
From the world's museums · 1799 – 1849 · 457

The Kingdom of Lahore

Ranjit Singh's kingdom from the Sutlej to the Khyber, with Muslim, Hindu and Sikh ministers, and its fall to the British.

This age on the site →

The Sikh courts and the Gurus

89
A Sikh noblemanA Sikh nobleman[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh noblemanA Sikh nobleman[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh noblemanA Sikh nobleman[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh commander (?)A Sikh commander (?)[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh pandit's servantA Sikh pandit's servant[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗Two Sikh men dueling with wooden swordsTwo Sikh men dueling with wooden swords[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh ruler holding a lotus flowerA Sikh ruler holding a lotus flower[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh Maharaja or nobleman holding a blue swordA Sikh Maharaja or nobleman holding a blue sword[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh man with a halo sitting on a chairA Sikh man with a halo sitting on a chair[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India?],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh man riding in an elaborate domed carriage pulled by two oxenA Sikh man riding in an elaborate domed carriage pulled by two oxen[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh man on a horse followed by a man holding a parasolA Sikh man on a horse followed by a man holding a parasol[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗A Sikh (?) woman in a bright orange dress holding an umbrella and walkingA Sikh (?) woman in a bright orange dress holding an umbrella and walking[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗Rana Ranjit Singh on a horse with three attendantsRana Ranjit Singh on a horse with three attendants[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗Painting of Guru Gobind Singh Circa 1800 AD Painted metal with meena work 12 x 10.8 cmPainting of Guru Gobind Singh Circa 1800 AD Painted metal with meena work 12 x 10.8 cmWikimedia Commons · Satdeep Gill · CC BY ↗A Sikh coupleA Sikh coupleca. 1805 · Tanjore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Golden Throne of Maharaja Ranjit Singh by Hafiz Muhammad Multani dated 1805–1810Golden Throne of Maharaja Ranjit Singh by Hafiz Muhammad Multani dated 1805–1810V&A, London · photo Oleg Yunakov (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore with Dhian Singh Dogra, Central Sikh MuseumPainting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore with Dhian Singh Dogra, Central Sikh MuseumCentral Sikh Museum, Amritsar · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Maharaja Ranjit Singh with wivesMaharaja Ranjit Singh with wivesWellcome Collection (via Europeana) · CC BY ↗Rana Ranjit Singh on a horse with three attendantsRana Ranjit Singh on a horse with three attendantsWellcome Collection (via Europeana) · CC BY ↗A Man with a Huqqah (smoking pipe) and Dancing Girl or The Amazons of Ranjit Singh' by…A Man with a Huqqah (smoking pipe) and Dancing Girl or The Amazons of Ranjit Singh' by…Lahore Museum · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Young Maharaja Ranjit Singh', Company style, nineteenth century, pigment on paperYoung Maharaja Ranjit Singh', Company style, nineteenth century, pigment on paperAsian Art Museum, San Francisco · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Maharaja Ranjit Singh's funeralMaharaja Ranjit Singh's funeralBritish Museum, London · photo workshop of Purkhu of Kangra (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Maharaja Ranjit SinghMaharaja Ranjit SinghV&A, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Maharaja Ranjit Singh on horseback (with black hairs still visible in his beard)Maharaja Ranjit Singh on horseback (with black hairs still visible in his beard)Asian Art Museum, San Francisco · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh on horseback with attendant, Bazaar School, AmritsarPainting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh on horseback with attendant, Bazaar School, AmritsarWikimedia Commons ↗Portrait of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, NimbatePortrait of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, NimbateV&A, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Ranjit Singh and Hira Singh seated togetherRanjit Singh and Hira Singh seated togetherV&A, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Crop of 'Ranjit Singh's favorite horse and some of his finest jewels'Crop of 'Ranjit Singh's favorite horse and some of his finest jewels'Asian Art Museum, San Francisco · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Kas Singh, son of Maharaja Ranjit SinghKas Singh, son of Maharaja Ranjit SinghWikimedia Commons · Muhammad Bakhsh Nakash [Naqqāsh] ↗Maharaja Ranjit Singh in a bazaar, caMaharaja Ranjit Singh in a bazaar, caAshmolean Museum, Oxford · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Victoria and Albert Museum Artefacts Golden Throne of Maharaja Ranjit SinghVictoria and Albert Museum Artefacts Golden Throne of Maharaja Ranjit SinghV&A, London · photo Sourabh.biswas003 (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Painting of a young Ranjit Singh from the 'Iqbalnama-i-Maharaja Ranjit Singh'Painting of a young Ranjit Singh from the 'Iqbalnama-i-Maharaja Ranjit Singh'Wikimedia Commons ↗Painting of the funeral and cremation of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and some of his queens…Painting of the funeral and cremation of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and some of his queens…Central Sikh Museum, Amritsar · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Mausoleum (Samadhi) of Ranjit Singh in Lahore, a watercolourMausoleum (Samadhi) of Ranjit Singh in Lahore, a watercolourBritish Library, London · photo Lumsden & Co. (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Pencil drawing of the tomb (Samadhi) of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in LahorePencil drawing of the tomb (Samadhi) of Maharaja Ranjit Singh in LahoreBritish Library, London · photo Henry Ambrose Oldfield (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Lithograph showing one of the favourite horses of Maharaja Ranjit Singh with the head…Lithograph showing one of the favourite horses of Maharaja Ranjit Singh with the head…British Library, London · photo Eden, Emily (Wikimedia Commons) ↗

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Arms and armour

10
General Hari Singh Nalwa seated in full armor adopting a militant stanceGeneral Hari Singh Nalwa seated in full armor adopting a militant stanceBritish Museum, London · photo Sir John Mcqueen Uploaded by Profitoftruth85 at en.wikipedia (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Sword and sheathSword and sheathearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗ShieldShieldearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗HelmetHelmetearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Body armourBody armourearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Body armourBody armourearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Body armourBody armourearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗ShieldShield1800-1840 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Firearm accessoryFirearm accessoryfirst half 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Indian helmet with butted mail neckguard, 1820-1840Indian helmet with butted mail neckguard, 1820-1840Asian Art Museum, San Francisco · photo Marshall Astor (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗

Pahari painting from the hills

228
India, Himachal Pradesh, Kulu, 1799 Drawings; watercolors Opaque watercolor and ink on…India, Himachal Pradesh, Kulu, 1799 Drawings; watercolors Opaque watercolor and ink on…LACMA, Los Angeles · photo Bhagvan Das (India, active 1790s) (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Princess in a Courtyard, attributed to Ranjha, son of Nainsukh, 1799Princess in a Courtyard, attributed to Ranjha, son of Nainsukh, 1799Wikimedia Commons · attributed to Ranjha, son of Nainsukh ↗Drawing, GulerDrawing, Gulerca. 1800 · Guler© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Raja Ajab DevRaja Ajab Devca. 1800 · Guler© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Painting, GulerPainting, Gulerca. 1800 · Guler© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Painting, Punjab HillsPainting, Punjab Hillsca. 1800 · Punjab Hills© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Lady writing a letter, Guler-Chamba school, 1800 CE, Himachal State Museum, ShimlaLady writing a letter, Guler-Chamba school, 1800 CE, Himachal State Museum, ShimlaWikimedia Commons · SpeakingArch · CC BY-SA ↗Raja Jit Singh, Guler School of Art, circa 1800 CE, Bhuri Singh Museum, ChambaRaja Jit Singh, Guler School of Art, circa 1800 CE, Bhuri Singh Museum, ChambaBhuri Singh Museum, Chamba · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Equestrian painting of Maharaja Sansar Chand of Kangra, Guler school, ca.1800Equestrian painting of Maharaja Sansar Chand of Kangra, Guler school, ca.1800Bhuri Singh Museum, Chamba · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Drawing, KangraDrawing, Kangraca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗KrishnaKrishnaca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Krishna, Yasoda and RadhaKrishna, Yasoda and Radhaca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Drawing, KangraDrawing, Kangraca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗KrishnaKrishnaca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Krishna and BalabhadraKrishna and Balabhadraca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Sudama and KrishnaSudama and Krishnaca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Krishna and RadhaKrishna and Radhaca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Sita and Rama.Sita and Rama.ca. 1800 · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Ram Das the cobblerRam Das the cobblerca. 1800 · Punjab Hills© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Augury of the crow (Vasakasajja Nayika)Augury of the crow (Vasakasajja Nayika)c. 1800 · Northern India, Pahari kingdomsCleveland Museum of Art ↗Virahini Nayika, Love-Torn HeroineVirahini Nayika, Love-Torn Heroinec. 1800 · India, Pahari Hills, Kangra school, late 18th-early 19th CenturyCleveland Museum of Art ↗A couple in the month of Jyestha(May-June), 1800 CE, Kangra School of ArtA couple in the month of Jyestha(May-June), 1800 CE, Kangra School of ArtNational Museum, New Delhi · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Abhisarika Nayika, 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Government Museum and Art GalleryAbhisarika Nayika, 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Government Museum and Art GalleryGovernment Museum, Chandigarh · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Holi Scene, 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Indian Museum, KolkataHoli Scene, 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Indian Museum, KolkataIndian Museum, Kolkata · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Krishna Killing Shankhasura, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Indian Museum, KolkataKrishna Killing Shankhasura, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Indian Museum, KolkataIndian Museum, Kolkata · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Proshitabhartruka Nayika circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of ArtProshitabhartruka Nayika circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of ArtGovernment Museum, Chandigarh · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Svadhinabhartruka Nayika, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art Government Museum and Art…Svadhinabhartruka Nayika, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art Government Museum and Art…Government Museum, Chandigarh · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Vishnu and Lakshmi, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Bhuri Singh Museum, ChambaVishnu and Lakshmi, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Bhuri Singh Museum, ChambaBhuri Singh Museum, Chamba · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Painting, ChambaPainting, Chambaca. 1800 · Chamba© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Devotees paying homage to Shiva and Parvati, Chamba School,circa 1800 CEDevotees paying homage to Shiva and Parvati, Chamba School,circa 1800 CENational Museum, New Delhi · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗The Elopement of Rukmani, Chamba School, circa 1800 CE, National Museum, DelhiThe Elopement of Rukmani, Chamba School, circa 1800 CE, National Museum, DelhiNational Museum, New Delhi · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗BhairavaBhairavaca. 1800 · Mandi© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Painting, MandiPainting, Mandica. 1800 · Mandi© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Scuola di mandi, yasoda e krishna, 1800Scuola di mandi, yasoda e krishna, 1800Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad · photo Sailko (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY ↗KrishnaKrishnaca. 1800 · Kulu© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Aniruddha captured by Banasura, circa 1800 CE, Kullu School of ArtAniruddha captured by Banasura, circa 1800 CE, Kullu School of ArtGovernment Museum, Chandigarh · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗

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Lahore, Multan and the Punjab

109
Pakistan, Panjab, Bhera, circa 1800 Furnishings; Accessories Light green lizardite…Pakistan, Panjab, Bhera, circa 1800 Furnishings; Accessories Light green lizardite…LACMA, Los Angeles · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Shiva, Parvati and their children on Mount Kailash, drawing Kangra style, Pahari, c1800Shiva, Parvati and their children on Mount Kailash, drawing Kangra style, Pahari, c1800British Museum, London · photo Anonynous (Wikimedia Commons) ↗The Nawab of MultanThe Nawab of Multan[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗Painting of Raja Bhag Singh, Sikh School, Punjab Plains, ca.1800Painting of Raja Bhag Singh, Sikh School, Punjab Plains, ca.1800Government Museum, Chandigarh · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Sufi saints seated around holy scripturesSufi saints seated around holy scriptures[between 1800 and 1899?] · [India],Wellcome Collection ↗Painting, Punjab HillsPainting, Punjab Hillsca. 1800 - ca. 1810 · Punjab Hills© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗This Company painting is a three-quarter length portrait of Ishwari Sen (1784-1826)This Company painting is a three-quarter length portrait of Ishwari Sen (1784-1826)V&A, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Krishna's Karma sermon to Arjun, circa 1800-1810 CE, Kangra School of ArtKrishna's Karma sermon to Arjun, circa 1800-1810 CE, Kangra School of ArtNational Museum, New Delhi · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Maharaja Ranjit Singh's throneMaharaja Ranjit Singh's throne1805-10 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Cityscape of Lahore with Ranjit Singh in foreground, Punjab, PakistanCityscape of Lahore with Ranjit Singh in foreground, Punjab, PakistanWellcome Collection (via Europeana) · CC BY ↗City of Lahore with Ranjit Singh in foreground, Punjab, PakistanCity of Lahore with Ranjit Singh in foreground, Punjab, PakistanWellcome Collection ↗Miniature painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh from one of his issued medalsMiniature painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh from one of his issued medalsWikimedia Commons ↗Oval-shaped tondo portrait painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lucknow [Lakhnau], AwadhOval-shaped tondo portrait painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lucknow [Lakhnau], AwadhWikimedia Commons ↗Family-tree of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, from the 'Iqbalnama-i-Maharaja Ranjit Singh'Family-tree of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, from the 'Iqbalnama-i-Maharaja Ranjit Singh'Wikimedia Commons ↗Letter issued by Maharaja Ranjit Singh to Raja Fateh Singh of Kapurthala StateLetter issued by Maharaja Ranjit Singh to Raja Fateh Singh of Kapurthala StateWikimedia Commons ↗Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of the Punjab, with his wife and child accompanied by his…Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of the Punjab, with his wife and child accompanied by his…Wellcome Collection ↗Scuola di pahadi, ahalya sapa vimochana, 1810 caScuola di pahadi, ahalya sapa vimochana, 1810 caSalar Jung Museum, Hyderabad · photo Sailko (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY ↗Scuola di pahadi, parvadi sul trono di loto, 1810 caScuola di pahadi, parvadi sul trono di loto, 1810 caSalar Jung Museum, Hyderabad · photo Sailko (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY ↗AxeAxeearly 19th century · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Oval-shaped tondo portrait painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lucknow, Awadh, ca.1810–20Oval-shaped tondo portrait painting of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lucknow, Awadh, ca.1810–20Wikimedia Commons ↗Four Recruits in White Dhotis, page from the Fraser AlbumFour Recruits in White Dhotis, page from the Fraser AlbumCompany School, c. 1815-1816 · IndiaArt Institute of Chicago ↗Sham Singh Attariwala (Sirdar Sham Singh (Atariwala))Sham Singh Attariwala (Sirdar Sham Singh (Atariwala))National Army Museum, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Diwan Sawan Mal (Dewan Sawan Mal (Multanwala))Diwan Sawan Mal (Dewan Sawan Mal (Multanwala))National Army Museum, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Painting of a party of Sikhs, Company School, ca.1817Painting of a party of Sikhs, Company School, ca.1817British Museum, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Krishna as Murlidhar, 1820-1825, Kangra School of Art, Lahore MuseumKrishna as Murlidhar, 1820-1825, Kangra School of Art, Lahore MuseumLahore Museum · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Illustration from Hamir Hath, Guler School,1820-1825, Lahore MuseumIllustration from Hamir Hath, Guler School,1820-1825, Lahore MuseumLahore Museum · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Portrait of Gulab Singh Dogra.Portrait of Gulab Singh Dogra.V&A, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Gulab Singh (1792-1857) was a member of the Hindu Dogra family who served under…Gulab Singh (1792-1857) was a member of the Hindu Dogra family who served under…V&A, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Portrait of Ishwari Sen of MandiPortrait of Ishwari Sen of Mandica. 1825 · Delhi© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Knife and sheathKnife and sheathc. 1800-1850 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Maharaja Sher Singh seated, attended by his Council in the Lahore FortMaharaja Sher Singh seated, attended by his Council in the Lahore FortLahore Museum · photo Ágoston Schoefft (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Painting of the view of Fort Gobindgarh in Amritsar, Punjab, circa 1825Painting of the view of Fort Gobindgarh in Amritsar, Punjab, circa 1825British Library, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Painting of the view of the city of Amritsar, Punjab, circa 1825Painting of the view of the city of Amritsar, Punjab, circa 1825British Library, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Illustrated folio from the prayer book of Rani Jindan, 1828-30.Illustrated folio from the prayer book of Rani Jindan, 1828-30.British Library, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Portrait of Maharaja Karam Singh of Patiala (r.1813-1848)Portrait of Maharaja Karam Singh of Patiala (r.1813-1848)British Library, London · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Painting of Sardar Tej Singh [born as 'Tej Ram' into a Brahmin familyPainting of Sardar Tej Singh [born as 'Tej Ram' into a Brahmin familyLahore Museum · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗

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Early photographs

2
Kulu, Himachal Pradesh: two women wearing large nose ringsKulu, Himachal Pradesh: two women wearing large nose rings[between 1800 and 1899]Wellcome Collection ↗Photograph of Gurdwara Baba Atal Rai in Amritsar, postcard-print by Lal Singh & Co.Photograph of Gurdwara Baba Atal Rai in Amritsar, postcard-print by Lal Singh & Co.Wikimedia Commons · Lal Singh & Co. ↗

Shawls, textiles and embroidery

5
Coverlet (rumal)Coverlet (rumal)ca. 1800 · Chamba© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Kashmir shawlKashmir shawlca. 1800 · Kashmir© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Nilak Sainchi PhulkariNilak Sainchi Phulkariearly 19th century · Kangra© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗India, Himachal Pradesh, probably Kangra, late 18th to early 19th century Textiles;…India, Himachal Pradesh, probably Kangra, late 18th to early 19th century Textiles;…LACMA, Los Angeles · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Lahore, Punjab, dated Bikrami Samvat 1894(?) (1837-38 CE) Gold, diamond, emerald, glassLahore, Punjab, dated Bikrami Samvat 1894(?) (1837-38 CE) Gold, diamond, emerald, glassWallace Collection, London · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗

Pottery, metalwork, woodwork and jewellery

2
One of Two plaquesOne of Two plaquesca. 1840 · Lahore© Victoria and Albert Museum, London ↗Punjab Campaign Medal 1848-1849 (7th September 1846-14th March 1849) Medal awarded to…Punjab Campaign Medal 1848-1849 (7th September 1846-14th March 1849) Medal awarded to…Wikimedia Commons · William Wyon · CC BY ↗

Music and the qissa legends

1
TausTausc. 1800 · India, PunjabCleveland Museum of Art ↗

Maps of the Punjab

8
City plan of Kangra, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Indian Museum, KolkataCity plan of Kangra, circa 1800 CE, Kangra School of Art, Indian Museum, KolkataIndian Museum, Kolkata · photo SpeakingArch (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗Map from "Travels in the Panjab, Afghanistan, & Turkistan, to Balk, BokharaMap from "Travels in the Panjab, Afghanistan, & Turkistan, to Balk, Bokhara1846The British Library (via Europeana) ↗Map from "The War in IndiaMap from "The War in India1846The British Library (via Europeana) ↗Map from "The War in IndiaMap from "The War in India1846The British Library (via Europeana) ↗Map from "The War in IndiaMap from "The War in India1846The British Library (via Europeana) ↗Map from "The War in IndiaMap from "The War in India1846The British Library (via Europeana) ↗Map from "The War in IndiaMap from "The War in India1846The British Library (via Europeana) ↗Map from "A History of the reigning family of LahoreMap from "A History of the reigning family of Lahore1847The British Library (via Europeana) ↗

Coins

1
Book of rubbings of Kushan coins by Claude Auguste CourtBook of rubbings of Kushan coins by Claude Auguste CourtBritish Museum, London · photo Uploadalt (Wikimedia Commons) · CC BY-SA ↗

Gandhara and Taxila

1
Old Hindu man in contemplation, Peshawar, PakistanOld Hindu man in contemplation, Peshawar, Pakistan1847-1848 · London (137 Regent Street)Wellcome Collection ↗

The Indus cities

1
The valley of MaidanThe valley of Maidan1842-01-01 · afghanistanLibrary of Congress ↗

Search the museums' full collections

V&A ↗ · British Museum ↗ · The Met ↗ · Cleveland ↗ · Wellcome Collection ↗ · Wikimedia Commons ↗ · Ashmolean ↗ · Royal Collection ↗ · Pitt Rivers ↗

Shown here are the objects whose pictures museums have released openly. Far more are in their collections, and in museums with no open search, such as the Lahore Museum. Searching for "Punjab".

Pictures from the collections of Art Institute of Chicago, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Asian Art Museum, San Francisco, Berlin-Dahlem Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum (via Europeana), Bhuri Singh Museum, Chamba, 65 more, found automatically: public domain or openly licensed, except the V&A's, shown for non-commercial use with the museum's credit. Titles and dates are the museums' own; each card names its museum and any licence. Updated 2026-10-26.

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