The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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PUNJAB WIKIਪੰਜਾਬپنجابThe Land
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Englishਪੰਜਾਬੀپنجابی

Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPlacesBattlefields
Gujrat
Unknown · Wikimedia
Battlefield

Gujrat

ਗੁਜਰਾਤگجرات

Final battle of the Sikh Empire, 21 February 1849.

Gujrat is a city between the Chenab and the Jhelum, an old Mughal town and the home of the potters of the Sohni legend.

On 21 February 1849 the British defeated the last army of the Sikh Empire here with overwhelming artillery. The annexation followed within weeks.

It is now a large city in Pakistan.

Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

People

Sher Singh Attariwala
Sher Singh Attariwaladied 1858

Commander of the Khalsa army in the Second Anglo-Sikh War, who fought the British to a standstill at Chillianwala before defeat at Gujrat.

Chattar Singh Attariwala
Chattar Singh Attariwaladied 1855

Governor of Hazara whose rising in 1848, with his son Sher Singh, turned the Multan revolt into a full war.

Battles

1849GujratBattle of GujratSher Singh Attariwala, Chattar SinghvsGoughDecisive British victory; Punjab annexed 29 March 1849

Artifacts

The Sikh guns at Chelsea
The Sikh guns at ChelseaCast 1800s – 1840s; taken 1846 – 1849

Bronze cannon of the Khalsa army, captured in the Anglo-Sikh wars, that stand on the lawns of the Royal Hospital Chelsea and outside other British buildings.

In the world's museums

2 objects
Pakistan, Panjab, Sialkot or Gujrat, Kotli LoharanPakistan, Panjab, Sialkot or Gujrat, Kotli LoharanLACMA, Los Angeles · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗Pakistan, Panjab, Sialkot or Gujrat, Kotli Loharan, Indo-PersianPakistan, Panjab, Sialkot or Gujrat, Kotli Loharan, Indo-PersianLACMA, Los Angeles · photo Wikimedia Commons (Wikimedia Commons) ↗

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