Battlefields
Fields where the fate of the Punjab was decided, from the Hydaspes to Basantar.
Best known first
Signalling post on the Samana ridge where 21 soldiers of the 36th Sikhs fought to the last man in 1897.
Where Alexander of Macedon defeated King Porus on the Jhelum (Greek: Hydaspes) in 326 BCE.
Armoured battle of December 1971 in the Shakargarh bulge.
Plain north of Delhi where three battles decided the rule of north India: 1526, 1556 and 1761.
Town on the old road from the Punjab to Delhi, where Nadir Shah destroyed the Mughal army in 1739.
Final battle of the Sikh Empire, 21 February 1849.
Tank battle of the 1965 India–Pakistan war near Khem Karan.
Fort at the crossing of the Indus. The Sikh victory here in 1813 was their first major win over the Afghans of Kabul.
Field of Guru Gobind Singh's first battle, in 1688, against Raja Fateh Shah of Garhwal and allied hill chiefs.
A mud fortress (garhi) where Guru Gobind Singh and some forty Sikhs held off a large Mughal force in December 1704. His two elder sons died here.
Decisive battle of February 1846 where Sham Singh Attariwala fell. It ended the First Anglo-Sikh War.
Village on the Ichhogil canal near Lahore, scene of fierce fighting in September 1965.
Fort at the mouth of the Khyber built by Hari Singh Nalwa, who died defending it in 1837.
Two-day battle of December 1845, among the hardest fought by the British in India.
Opening battle of the First Anglo-Sikh War, 18 December 1845.
Battle of 1819 that brought the Kashmir valley into the Sikh Empire.
British victory on the Sutlej in January 1846.
Where Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Muhammad of Ghor in 1191 and lost to him in 1192.
Where a Mughal army stopped Ahmad Shah Abdali's first invasion in March 1748.
Field where Banda Singh's army defeated and killed Wazir Khan in May 1710. A tall Fateh Burj tower now marks the site.
On the Beas, where the Guru helped the hill rajas defeat a Mughal force in 1691.
Town on the Beas founded by Guru Hargobind. The Battle of Rohilla was fought nearby.
Banda Singh's hill fort and capital in the Shivaliks, where he struck the first Sikh coins in Guru Nanak's and Guru Gobind Singh's names.
Battle of 1823 on the Kabul river where Akali Phula Singh was killed leading the charge.
Taken by Banda Singh in 1709. Pir Budhu Shah of Sadhaura had fought for Guru Gobind Singh at Bhangani and lost two sons there; he was later killed by the local governor.
The old district headquarters of the Ravi bar, whose jail the tribes stormed in 1857 under Ahmad Khan Kharal.
Bloody battle of January 1849 near the Jhelum, which caused a storm in Britain over its losses.
Where Banda Singh and his men were besieged in a walled compound for eight months until starvation forced surrender in December 1715.
Village in the Malwa where Guru Hargobind fought the Battle of Lahira in 1634.
Once the pool of Khidrana. The Forty Liberated Ones (Chali Mukte) died here in 1705, and the place was renamed the 'Pool of Liberation'. Maghi mela is held here every January.
First town taken by Banda Singh Bahadur, in November 1709. It was the home of the executioners of Guru Tegh Bahadur and the younger Sahibzade.
Kahnuwan marshesGurdaspur, Punjab, IndiaSwampland near the Beas where thousands of Sikhs were killed in the Chhota Ghallughara (Lesser Holocaust) of 1746.
Site of the Vadda Ghallughara (Great Holocaust) of February 1762, when Ahmad Shah Abdali caught the Sikh convoy of families moving south.
Cavalry clash on the Chenab in November 1848 at the start of the Second Anglo-Sikh War.
Near the battlefield of To-yo, where Zorawar Singh was killed in December 1841.
Where Sikh forces under Sher Singh defeated and killed Syed Ahmad Barelvi in May 1831.
Charat Singh Sukerchakia defeated the Afghan governor Khwaja Abed here in 1761.