The land of five waters gave the world its first cities, its saints and its songs. Broken by every empire that crossed it, it is still ours to remember, and to make whole again.

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PUNJAB WIKIਪੰਜਾਬپنجابThe Land
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Land & Ages

The LandRivers, doabs, Harappa and the first cities, seasons, numbersAgesEight ages of the Punjab, from the Soan to todayTimelineEvery dated event on one lineAtlasEvery place on one map, age by agePlacesCities, ancient sites, temples, mosques and gurdwaras, battlefieldsLanguage & scriptsPunjabi, its dialects, Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi

People & Faiths

PeopleSaints and teachers, poets and singers, rulers, rebels, the people of both PunjabsPeople of the landJats, Rajputs, Arains, Khatris, Dalit communities and more, across every faithFaithsHindu traditions, Islam and the Sufis, Sikhi, and the Punjab's other faiths

Kingdoms & Struggles

Kingdoms & WarsWho ruled the Punjab, the Kingdom of Lahore, and the battles fought over itWho ruled the PunjabEvery ruling power, 518 BCE to todayWars & BattlesFrom the Hydaspes to BasantarStruggles & Partitions1849, 1919, 1947, 1966, 1984, 2020

Culture & Museum

CulturePoets, qisse, songs, music, dance, festivals, foodMuseumSculpture, coins, manuscripts, painting, arms, buildings, and where to see themChronicles & ProphecyThe poetry of the old chroniclesAboutWhat this atlas is, its sources, and every word explainedHelp maintain this siteCorrections, pictures, sources and new entries
Punjab WikiPlacesBattlefields
Samana
Harvinder Chandigarh · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia
Battlefield

Samana

ਸਮਾਣਾسمانا، پٹیالہ

First town taken by Banda Singh Bahadur, in November 1709. It was the home of the executioners of Guru Tegh Bahadur and the younger Sahibzade.

Samana, a town south of Patiala, was a rich Mughal town in 1709 and the home of the executioners of Guru Tegh Bahadur and the Sahibzade.

On 26 November 1709 Banda Singh Bahadur stormed and sacked it, his first great victory. The fall of Samana brought thousands of Sikhs to his side.

It is now a market town in Patiala district.

Samana, Patiala, Punjab, India

People

Banda Singh Bahadur
Banda Singh Bahadur1670 – 1716

Ascetic turned general. Sent north by Guru Gobind Singh in 1708, he took Sirhind, set up the first Sikh state, gave land to those who tilled it and was executed in Delhi in 1716.

Battles

1709SamanaSack of SamanaBanda Singh BahadurvsMughal garrison of SamanaSikh victory

On the timeline

November 1709 · Banda Singh strikes Samana

Banda Singh Bahadur's campaigns

1709 – 1716
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